I'll second that on the '62 and up engines being the same. I think the bellhousing was _always_ the same but the crankshaft and the method of attaching the torque converter to the crankshaft changed in '62.
One thing to watch for though... Although they bolted up the same, the '62-'65 transmission was slightly different than the '66 and up. They used a cable for shifting like the '61 and earlier. Some of them (maybe all?) also had a rear pump (as did the '61 and earlier) and could be push started.
Anyway, to answer your original question... I have both a '66 Belvedere with a Poly 318 and a '67 with an LA 318 and they are the _same_ tranny. I'm pretty sure that most any 318/904 (Poly or LA) from '66 and up should be interchangeable.